Германия

Топ-5 мест

1. Brandenburg Gate and Reichstag · Berlin

   Symbols of reunified Germany; the Reichstag dome is free with advance online booking.

2. Neuschwanstein Castle · Schwangau (Bavaria)

   Fairytale 19th-century castle in the Alps; book timed tickets in advance.

3. Cologne Cathedral · Cologne

   Huge Gothic cathedral next to the main station; climb the tower.

4. Marienplatz and Old Town · Munich

   Centre of Munich with the Glockenspiel, beer halls and the Viktualienmarkt.

5. Rhine Valley (Middle Rhine) · Bacharach / Rüdesheim / St. Goar

   Castles, vineyards and river cruises between Koblenz and Bingen.

Транспорт

• Общественный транспорт

  Deutschlandticket

  Monthly subscription for unlimited local and regional transport (buses, trams, U-Bahn, S-Bahn, regional trains) nationwide; not valid on ICE/IC. Buy only from official transport companies or the DB app; fake 'discount' resellers online sell invalid tickets.

• Поезда

  DB Navigator (Deutsche Bahn)

  Main app for trains in Germany, including ICE high-speed trains. Book early for Sparpreis fares. Also sells local tickets in many cities.

• Общественный транспорт

  Local transit apps (BVG, MVG, HVV)

  City apps for Berlin (BVG), Munich (MVG) and Hamburg (HVV) sell day tickets and short trips. Paper tickets often must be validated before boarding; inspectors fine on the spot.

• Приложение для вызова такси

  Uber / Bolt / FREENOW

  All operate in big cities like Berlin, Munich, Hamburg and Frankfurt. Usually slightly cheaper than taxis with upfront prices. Berlin authorities have found many illegal operators on these apps; check the plate matches the app.

• Такси

  Taxi

  Cream-coloured metered taxis with regulated fares. Most take cards now, but confirm before the ride.

• Электросамокаты

  Lime / Tier-Dott / Bolt

  E-scooters and e-bikes in most cities, paid per minute by app. Sidewalk riding is banned and drink-driving rules apply.

• Автобусы

  FlixBus

  Cheapest way between cities, often a fraction of the train price but slower.

Деньги и наличные

Валюта: EUR · Euro

Germany is more cash-friendly than most of Europe. Cards and phone payments are now common, but some bakeries, small bars, kiosks and market stalls still take cash only or have a minimum for cards. Carry 20-50 EUR in cash. Use bank ATMs and choose to be charged in EUR.

Проверить курс обмена на EUR

Чаевые

Tipping is customary but not mandatory. For table service people round up or add about 5-10%. Menu prices already include service and VAT, so there is normally no service charge on the bill. Tell the server the total you want to pay, or say 'Stimmt so' to keep the change.

Полезные фразы

• Zahlen, bitte. The bill, please.
• Stimmt so. Keep the change.
• Ohne Trinkgeld, bitte. No tip, please (on the card terminal).

Этикет

• Greet with 'Guten Tag' or 'Hallo' when entering small shops; in Bavaria 'Grüß Gott' is common.
• Use 'Sie' (formal you) with strangers and staff until invited to use 'du'.
• Most shops are closed on Sundays and public holidays; quiet hours (Sunday, and about 22:00 to 06:00) are taken seriously in housing.
• Do not cross on a red pedestrian light, especially in front of children; it is frowned on and can be fined.
• Bottles and cans have a deposit (Pfand); return them to machines in supermarkets.
• Do not walk in bike lanes; cyclists will not slow down.
• Saunas are usually nude and mixed; sit on a towel.
• Nazi symbols and the Hitler salute are illegal, including as jokes.

Схемы обмана и что с ними делать

• Shell game

  Где: Berlin tourist areas (Alexanderplatz, Unter den Linden, Museum Island) and markets

  Как это работает: A dealer and fake winners invite you to bet on which cup hides a ball; you never win, and pickpockets work the crowd.

  Как избежать: Do not watch or bet. Berlin police actively warn about this.

• Fake petition or charity

  Где: Brandenburg Gate, Museum Island, Checkpoint Charlie

  Как это работает: Someone, sometimes posing as deaf, asks you to sign a petition and then demands a cash donation; the clipboard can hide a theft.

  Как избежать: Say 'Nein, danke' and step away. Keep phones off tables.

• Fake police

  Где: Streets in big cities

  Как это работает: People posing as plain-clothes police ask to check your wallet, cash, bank card or PIN, and take money.

  Как избежать: Ask for ID, never give your PIN, move to a public place and call 110 to verify.

• Fake or cheap Deutschlandtickets

  Где: Online shops and social media

  Как это работает: Sites sell Deutschlandtickets at a 'discount' that are bought with stolen bank details and later cancelled, leaving you without a valid ticket.

  Как избежать: Buy only from Deutsche Bahn or official local transport companies.

• 'Free' gifts and roses

  Где: Tourist landmarks

  Как это работает: A bracelet, rose or gift is pushed on you and money is then demanded.

  Как избежать: Do not take it; hand it back and keep walking.

• Taxi or rideshare overcharging

  Где: Airports, stations, late-night areas

  Как это работает: Unlicensed drivers offer vague 'fixed prices' or refuse cards and overcharge.

  Как избежать: Use official taxi ranks or apps, and check the car plate matches the app.

• Dynamic currency conversion

  Где: ATMs and card terminals

  Как это работает: The machine offers to charge you in your home currency at a poor rate.

  Как избежать: Always choose to pay in EUR.

Безопасность

• Crime levels are similar to other Western European countries; watch for pickpockets and bag snatching at airports, stations and crowded events.
• Hotspots include Berlin's Alexanderplatz, Kottbusser Tor and Görlitzer Park, Frankfurt's station area and Christmas markets and Oktoberfest crowds.
• Never leave bags unattended; they may be stolen or treated as a security risk.
• Check your change and only exchange money at banks or ATMs; counterfeit notes circulate.
• Cities have low-emission zones; rental cars usually have the needed sticker.
• Bike lanes are busy; look both ways before stepping onto them.

Насколько распространён английский

Good in big cities (Berlin, Munich, Hamburg, Frankfurt) and among people under about 40; weaker among older people and in rural areas, especially in the former East.

Источники

• GOV.UK Foreign travel advice: Germany, safety and security
• Wikivoyage: Germany
• Walk of Berlin: Berlin tourist scams
• The Local Germany: How the tip button is disrupting Germany's tipping culture
• IamExpat: Deutschlandticket scam sites on the rise
• The Berliner: Bolt, Uber and the ghost company scam

Мы сверяем путеводители с официальными и известными источниками, но правила и цены меняются. Заметили устаревшую информацию? Напишите на support@tourits.app.