Великобритания
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- Столица
- London
- Валюта
- GBP · Pound sterling
- Языки
- English, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic
- Розетки
- Тип G · 230 V
Экстренные номера
Топ-5 мест
- British Museum · London
Free world-class collection, including the Rosetta Stone and Parthenon sculptures.
- Tower of London · London
Medieval fortress on the Thames that holds the Crown Jewels.
- Edinburgh Castle and the Royal Mile · Edinburgh
Castle on a volcanic rock above Scotland's historic old town.
- Stonehenge · near Salisbury
Prehistoric stone circle, best booked ahead as a timed entry.
- Roman Baths · Bath
Well-preserved Roman bathing complex in a Georgian city.
Транспорт
Общественный транспорт
TfL contactless pay as you go
In London, touch in and out with the same contactless card or phone on the Tube, buses, Overground and Elizabeth line. Daily and weekly caps (Monday to Sunday) mean you never pay more than a travelcard. Foreign cards work but your bank may add fees. Use TfL Go or Citymapper to plan.
Поезда
National Rail (Trainline / operator apps)
Book long-distance trains early for cheaper Advance fares. Off-peak tickets are cheaper than Anytime. Railcards (16-25, Two Together, etc.) cut a third off most fares.
Приложение для вызова такси
Uber
Works in London and most large cities. Usually cheaper than black cabs for longer trips; surge pricing at peak times.
Приложение для вызова такси
Bolt / FreeNow
Bolt runs private hire rides in London and several cities. FreeNow books licensed black cabs and private hire. Availability outside big cities varies.
Такси
Black cabs
Licensed taxis can be hailed when the yellow TAXI light is on and use a meter. Minicabs (private hire) must be pre-booked; never get into an unbooked minicab from a street tout.
Прокат велосипедов
Santander Cycles / Lime / Forest
London's docked bike share plus dockless e-bikes by app. E-scooter rental runs only in official trial areas (varies); private e-scooters are illegal on public roads.
Автобусы
National Express / Megabus
Long-distance coaches are usually the cheapest way between cities, but slower than trains.
Деньги и наличные
Валюта: GBP · Pound sterling
Contactless card and phone payments are accepted almost everywhere, including London buses (which no longer take cash), pubs and most taxis. Some places are card only. Carry a little cash for small markets and tips. Choose to pay in GBP if a card machine offers your home currency.
Чаевые
Tipping is modest and optional in the UK. In restaurants about 10-12.5% is normal, and many restaurants add a 'discretionary' or 'optional' service charge of 10-12.5% to the bill. Since 1 October 2024 the Employment (Allocation of Tips) Act requires employers to pass all tips and service charges they control to workers, without deductions other than tax.
| Рестораны | 10-12.5% for table service if no service charge is on the bill. If a service charge is already added, no extra tip is needed. |
|---|---|
| Кафе и бары | Not expected when ordering at a pub bar or café counter. Some people say 'and one for yourself' to buy the bartender a drink. |
| Такси и приложения для поездок | Round up or add about 10% for black cabs. Optional for Uber and other apps. |
| Отели | Optional. A pound or two per bag for porters is appreciated. |
| Экскурсии и гиды | Tipping guides is common, especially on free walking tours where guides rely on tips. |
| Доставка еды | Optional; can be added in the app. |
Плата за обслуживание: как на самом деле
Often added as a 'discretionary' or 'optional' service charge, usually 12.5% in London, shown as a separate line on the bill. Because it is discretionary you can ask for it to be removed if service was poor. Under the Employment (Allocation of Tips) Act 2023 (in force since 1 October 2024), employers must pass on tips, gratuities and service charges in full to workers and share them fairly, with no admin fee deductions.
Приёмы давления, которых стоит остерегаться
The card machine may prompt for a tip even when a service charge is already on the bill, which leads to tipping twice. Check the bill before choosing a tip on the terminal; you can select 'no tip'. Staff cannot legally keep the service charge away from workers, so there is no need to tip again because someone says the charge goes to the restaurant.
Полезные фразы
- Could we have the bill, please? Asking for the bill (UK English says 'bill', not 'check').
- Is service included? Asking whether a service charge is already on the bill.
- Could you take the service charge off, please? Polite request to remove a discretionary service charge.
Этикет
- Queue patiently and never push in; this applies at bus stops, bars and shops.
- On escalators in London, stand on the right and walk on the left.
- Say 'please', 'thank you' and 'sorry' often; politeness is expected.
- At the pub, order and pay at the bar. Groups often buy drinks in 'rounds'.
- Let people off the train or Tube before getting on.
- Cars drive on the left: look right first when crossing the road (many London crossings are marked 'look right').
Схемы обмана и что с ними делать
Unlicensed minicab touts
Где: Outside clubs, stations and nightlife areas, especially in London
Как это работает: Drivers approach people offering rides. They are unlicensed, uninsured, may overcharge and are a safety risk.
Как избежать: Only take a black cab hailed in the street or a booked private hire car or app ride. Check the plate matches the app.
Shell and cup game
Где: Westminster Bridge, Oxford Street, busy West End squares
Как это работает: A rigged betting game with accomplices who appear to win. Pickpockets work the crowd while you watch.
Как избежать: Do not stop to play or watch; keep moving.
Fake petition or charity clipboard
Где: Central London tourist areas
Как это работает: Someone asks you to sign a petition, then demands a donation, or an accomplice picks your pocket while you are distracted.
Как избежать: Say no and walk on. Do not put your bag down.
Phone snatching by bike or scooter
Где: Oxford Street, Covent Garden, Westminster, outdoor café tables
Как это работает: Thieves on e-bikes or mopeds grab phones from people's hands as they ride past.
Как избежать: Step back from the kerb to use your phone, hold it firmly, and keep it off café tables.
Overpriced pedicabs
Где: West End and Soho in London
Как это работает: Rickshaw riders quote a vague price, then charge very high fares at the end. TfL licensing and maximum fares (about £5 base plus £1 per minute) become mandatory from 30 October 2026.
Как избежать: Agree the total price before getting in, check for a TfL licence once the rules apply, or avoid them.
Card skimming and distraction at ATMs
Где: Street cash machines
Как это работает: Devices copy card details, or someone distracts you after you enter your PIN.
Как избежать: Use ATMs inside banks or shops, cover your PIN and check for loose parts.
Ticket touts
Где: Theatres, football and concert venues
Как это работает: Street sellers offer fake or overpriced tickets.
Как избежать: Buy from the venue, official sellers, or the official TKTS booth in Leicester Square.
Безопасность
- Violent crime against tourists is rare; the main risks are pickpocketing and phone theft in crowded places.
- Pickpocket and phone theft hotspots in London: Oxford Street and Oxford Circus, Covent Garden, Leicester Square, Westminster, busy Tube stations and buses.
- Keep bags zipped and in front of you in crowds, and do not leave phones on outdoor tables.
- At night, use licensed black cabs or booked app rides, not street touts.
- Use 999 or 112 for emergencies, 101 for non-urgent police and 111 for non-urgent medical advice (NHS).
Насколько распространён английский
English is the main language everywhere. Welsh is widely used on signs in Wales and spoken in some areas; Gaelic appears on signs in parts of Scotland.
Источники
- Wikivoyage: United Kingdom
- TfL: Contactless and mobile pay as you go
- Wikipedia: Employment (Allocation of Tips) Act 2023
- Michelmores: The Employment (Allocation of Tips) Act 2023 is now in force
- London Webcam: London tourist scams to avoid
- Fitzrovia News: TfL unveils pedicab regulation and fares cap
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