Соединенные Штаты
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- Столица
- Washington, D.C.
- Валюта
- USD · United States dollar
- Языки
- English
- Розетки
- Тип A, B · 120 V
Экстренные номера
Топ-5 мест
- Grand Canyon National Park · Arizona
Huge canyon carved by the Colorado River; South Rim is open all year.
- Central Park and Times Square · New York City
Iconic urban park and the bright heart of Midtown Manhattan.
- Golden Gate Bridge · San Francisco
Famous suspension bridge with walks and views across the bay.
- Walt Disney World · Orlando, Florida
The world's most visited theme park resort.
- Yellowstone National Park · Wyoming / Montana / Idaho
Geysers, hot springs and wildlife in the first national park.
Транспорт
Приложение для вызова такси
Uber
Works in almost every city and most airports. Airports have designated rideshare pickup zones, often a walk or shuttle away from arrivals; follow the signs.
Приложение для вызова такси
Lyft
Main Uber competitor in most US cities; compare prices between the two apps, especially at peak times.
Общественный транспорт
City transit (OMNY, Clipper, TAP and others)
Big cities have subways and buses; New York (OMNY) and others accept tap with a contactless card or phone and cap weekly fares (varies by city). Public transport is limited in many smaller cities.
Такси
Yellow cabs
Hail in New York and some big city centres, or use the taxi line at airports. Metered; NYC has a flat fare between JFK and Manhattan plus surcharges and tolls.
Поезда
Amtrak
Intercity trains; most useful on the Northeast corridor (Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Washington). Book early for lower fares.
Автобусы
Greyhound / FlixBus
Cheapest long-distance option between cities; slower than flying or driving.
Аренда авто
Car rental
Often essential for national parks and outside big cities. Check insurance cover and toll payment options (many roads use electronic tolls billed later with fees).
Прокат велосипедов
Citi Bike / Lime
Docked bike share in many cities (Citi Bike in New York) and dockless e-scooters and e-bikes (Lime and others) where allowed; rules vary by city.
Деньги и наличные
Валюта: USD · United States dollar
Cards and phone payments are accepted almost everywhere; tap to pay is common. Prices on menus and shelves usually exclude sales tax, which is added at the till and varies by state and city. Keep some small bills ($1, $5) for tipping hotel staff, valets and bartenders. Choose to be charged in USD if offered your home currency.
Чаевые
Tipping is expected in the US and makes up much of many service workers' pay, as the federal tipped minimum wage is only $2.13 an hour. At sit-down restaurants 18-20% of the pre-tax bill is standard. Card terminals now often suggest tips almost everywhere, but tipping at counters is optional.
| Рестораны | 18-20% of the pre-tax subtotal for table service; 15% if service was poor, more for excellent service. Check whether an automatic gratuity (common for groups of 6+) is already added. |
|---|---|
| Кафе и бары | $1-2 per drink at a bar, or 18-20% on a tab. Coffee shops and counter service: optional, small tip or round up. |
| Такси и приложения для поездок | 15-20% for taxis and Uber or Lyft (added in the app after the ride). |
| Отели | $2-5 per night for housekeeping, $1-2 per bag for porters, a few dollars for valet parking. |
| Экскурсии и гиды | 15-20% or about $5-10 per person for guides, more for private tours. |
| Доставка еды | 15-20%, often added in the app before or after delivery. |
Плата за обслуживание: как на самом деле
Not usually included. Some restaurants add a 'service charge', 'kitchen fee' or 'auto gratuity' (often for groups of 6+). Legally a mandatory service charge belongs to the business, and no federal law requires it to go to the server; some states (for example Washington) require the bill to say what share goes to staff, and California requires mandatory fees to be shown on the menu. Read the bill: if a gratuity is included, you do not need to tip again. Ask staff whether the service charge goes to them if unclear.
Приёмы давления, которых стоит остерегаться
Tablets at counters, cafés and food trucks often show preset tips of 20-30% and face you toward the screen; 'No tip' or 'Custom' is usually an option and choosing it is acceptable for counter service. Presets may be calculated on the total after tax; tipping on the pre-tax subtotal is standard. Some bills include an auto gratuity and still show a blank tip line, which leads to tipping twice. Check the bill before signing.
Полезные фразы
- Could we get the check, please? Asking for the bill (US English says 'check').
- Is gratuity included? Asking whether a tip is already on the bill.
- Does the service charge go to the staff? Asking where a service fee goes.
Этикет
- Wait to be seated in most restaurants unless a sign says 'Please seat yourself'.
- Tipping is part of the price at restaurants and bars; leaving nothing is seen as a complaint.
- Small talk and friendliness with strangers and staff are normal.
- Queue in line and do not push in.
- The legal drinking age is 21 everywhere and ID is often checked; open alcohol in public is illegal in most places.
- Smoking (including vaping) is banned inside restaurants and bars in most states; cannabis laws vary by state and it stays illegal federally and at airports.
Схемы обмана и что с ними делать
Unofficial ESTA websites
Где: Online before travel
Как это работает: Third-party sites look official and charge several times the government fee to submit an ESTA.
Как избежать: Apply only at the official site esta.cbp.dhs.gov or the official ESTA app. Official US government sites end in .gov.
Costumed characters demanding money
Где: Times Square (New York), Las Vegas Strip, Hollywood Boulevard
Как это работает: People in costumes pose for photos then demand cash, sometimes aggressively.
Как избежать: Do not take photos with them unless you are willing to tip a few dollars; agree first or walk away.
CD sellers
Где: Times Square and busy Manhattan streets
Как это работает: A man pushes a 'free' CD into your hand, signs it, then demands payment.
Как избежать: Keep your hands at your sides and do not accept anything handed to you.
Fake monks
Где: Central Park, Times Square, High Line and other New York tourist spots
Как это работает: People dressed as monks hand out a trinket or bracelet then ask for a donation.
Как избежать: Decline and keep walking. Buddhist groups have warned these are not real monks.
Street ticket sellers
Где: Battery Park (Statue of Liberty), Times Square
Как это работает: Unlicensed sellers in uniforms sell overpriced or misleading boat and attraction tickets.
Как избежать: Buy Statue of Liberty tickets only from the official ferry operator (Statue City Cruises) or its booths.
Pedicab overcharging
Где: Central Park and Midtown Manhattan
Как это работает: Drivers charge per minute per person, leading to bills of hundreds of dollars.
Как избежать: Check the posted rate sheet and agree a total before getting in.
Gas stations without posted prices
Где: Near airports and tourist areas
Как это работает: Some stations that do not display prices charge far more per gallon, targeting rental car returns.
Как избежать: Fill up at a station with clearly posted prices before reaching the airport.
Безопасность
- Most tourist areas are safe, but crime levels vary a lot by neighbourhood; research where you are staying.
- Do not leave passports, bags or anything visible in rental cars; tourist rental cars are targeted for break-ins.
- Use well-lit car parks and avoid walking alone in quiet areas after dark.
- Pickpocketing happens in crowded places like Times Square and on transit; keep phones and wallets secure.
- Check the ride-hailing car's plate and driver name before getting in.
- Check weather and road conditions before long drives in remote areas (deserts, mountains).
Насколько распространён английский
English everywhere. Spanish is widely spoken in many areas, especially the Southwest, Florida, Texas, California and big cities. No official national language.
Источники
- GOV.UK Foreign travel advice: USA, safety and security
- Guides Association of New York City: Tips for tourists, avoiding scams
- American Institute in Taiwan: Beware of ESTA scams
- Splitty: Tipping in the US for international visitors
- Washington L&I: Tips, gratuities and service charges (ES.A.12)
- Littler: California restaurants must identify service fees
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