Чехия

Топ-5 мест

1. Prague Castle and St. Vitus Cathedral · Prague

   Huge castle complex with the cathedral, Golden Lane and views over the city.

2. Charles Bridge and Old Town Square · Prague

   Medieval bridge with statues and the square with the Astronomical Clock; go early to avoid crowds.

3. Český Krumlov · Český Krumlov

   UNESCO-listed medieval town on a river bend with a large castle.

4. Kutná Hora · Kutná Hora

   Sedlec Ossuary (bone chapel) and St. Barbara's Church; easy day trip from Prague.

5. Karlovy Vary · Karlovy Vary

   Spa town with colonnades and hot springs you can drink from.

Транспорт

• Общественный транспорт

  PID Lítačka

  Official Prague app for metro, tram, bus and funicular tickets and day passes. A ticket becomes valid one minute after activation, so activate before boarding. Inspectors fine 1,000 CZK on the spot for invalid tickets.

• Приложение для вызова такси

  Bolt

  Widely used in Prague and Brno, with upfront prices. Usually the cheapest way to get a car.

• Приложение для вызова такси

  Uber

  Available in Prague and Brno, with upfront prices.

• Такси

  Liftago

  Czech app that books licensed taxis at a price shown in advance. Prague sets a maximum taxi rate per km; avoid street hails and touts at the airport.

• Поезда

  České dráhy / RegioJet / Leo Express

  ČD runs most trains; RegioJet and Leo Express are cheaper, modern options on main routes such as Prague to Brno, Ostrava and Český Krumlov. RegioJet and FlixBus also run buses.

• Электросамокаты

  Rekola / Lime / Bolt

  Bike and e-scooter sharing in Prague, paid per minute in the app (varies).

Деньги и наличные

Валюта: CZK · Czech koruna

Cards and phone payments are accepted almost everywhere in Prague and other cities, including most pubs and taxis. Some chains accept euros but at a poor rate. Withdraw koruna from bank ATMs (avoid Euronet), always choose to be charged in CZK, and never change money on the street.

Проверить курс обмена на CZK

Чаевые

Tipping is optional but polite, especially in restaurants. Locals round up or add about 5-10% for good service. By law service is included in listed prices, so there is no compulsory service charge unless it is clearly stated on the menu.

Полезные фразы

• Zaplatím, prosím. I'd like to pay, please.
• To je dobré. Keep the change.
• Je spropitné v ceně? Is the tip included in the price?

Этикет

• Say 'Dobrý den' when entering shops, small restaurants and lifts; 'Na shledanou' when leaving.
• Take off your shoes when entering someone's home; hosts usually offer slippers.
• When toasting ('Na zdraví'), look the other person in the eye.
• In busy pubs it is normal to share a table; ask 'Je tu volno?' (Is this free?) first. A new beer often arrives automatically until you put a beer mat on your glass.
• Carry ID at all times; it is a legal requirement.
• Keep quiet and cover shoulders in churches.

Схемы обмана и что с ними делать

• Bad-rate currency exchange offices

  Где: Old Town, Wenceslas Square, Charles Bridge area

  Как это работает: Booths advertise '0% commission' or a high 'buy' rate, but the actual sell rate is very poor.

  Как избежать: Use bank ATMs instead. By law you can return within 3 hours with the receipt to cancel an exchange; ask the exact amount you will receive before handing over money.

• Street money changers

  Где: Tourist streets and stations

  Как это работает: Changers offer great rates and hand over counterfeit notes or old foreign currency (e.g. Belarusian roubles, old Hungarian forints).

  Как избежать: Never change money on the street.

• Overcharging taxis and airport touts

  Где: Airport, main station, Old Town

  Как это работает: Street taxis and touts in 'official taxi' clothing overcharge or use rigged meters.

  Как избежать: Use Bolt, Uber or Liftago, or the official taxi stands with posted rates. Ask for a printed receipt.

• 'Service not included' on the bill

  Где: Tourist restaurants in central Prague

  Как это работает: Menus or bills say service is not included to pressure tourists into tipping, sometimes with extra items like bread or nuts charged.

  Как избежать: Service is included by law; tip only what you want and query items you did not order.

• Fake plain-clothes police

  Где: Streets near tourist areas

  Как это работает: Men claiming to be police ask to check your currency and passport, then steal money. Czech police do not check tourists' cash.

  Как избежать: Refuse, offer to go to a police station, call 112 to check.

• Bar and club overcharging

  Где: Nightlife areas, strip clubs

  Как это работает: Huge bills, minimum spends, or big penalties for 'lost' consumption cards.

  Как избежать: Check prices first, keep your consumption card safe, and check the bill.

• Dynamic currency conversion at ATMs

  Где: Euronet and other independent ATMs

  Как это работает: The ATM offers to charge you in your home currency at a poor rate and adds fees.

  Как избежать: Use bank ATMs and decline conversion; choose CZK.

Безопасность

• Pickpocketing is common in Prague: on airport buses and metro, trams to Prague Castle (22 and 23), Charles Bridge, Old Town Square and at the Astronomical Clock.
• The park in front of Prague main station (Vrchlického sady) is best avoided after dark.
• Drink spiking has been reported in bars and clubs; do not accept drinks from strangers.
• Carry your passport or ID card; police can fine you if you do not have it.
• Activate or validate public transport tickets before riding; fines are 1,000 CZK on the spot.
• Report thefts to police within 24 hours for insurance.

Насколько распространён английский

Widely spoken by younger people and in Prague's tourist areas; older people more often speak German or Russian. Outside Prague, English can be limited.

Источники

• GOV.UK Foreign travel advice: Czechia, safety and security
• Wikivoyage: Prague
• Wikivoyage: Czech Republic
• Wikipedia: List of tipping customs by country

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