مصر

أفضل 5 أماكن

1. Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx · Giza

   The last surviving wonder of the ancient world, at the edge of Cairo.

2. Grand Egyptian Museum · Giza

   Huge new museum near the pyramids housing the Tutankhamun collection.

3. Karnak and Luxor temples · Luxor

   Vast temple complexes on the east bank of the Nile.

4. Valley of the Kings · Luxor (West Bank)

   Painted royal tombs of the New Kingdom pharaohs.

5. Abu Simbel · Aswan region

   Ramses II's rock-cut temples, moved to save them from Lake Nasser.

التنقل

• تطبيق طلب سيارات

  Uber

  Works in Cairo, Alexandria and other big cities with an upfront price. Usually the easiest way for visitors to avoid taxi haggling. Cash or card.

• تطبيق طلب سيارات

  Careem

  Popular alternative to Uber in Cairo and Alexandria; may need an Egyptian phone number (varies).

• تطبيق طلب سيارات

  inDrive

  You propose a fare and drivers accept or counter. Often cheapest, but agree clearly before the trip.

• سيارة أجرة

  White taxis

  Cairo's white taxis have meters but drivers often do not use them with tourists. Agree the fare before getting in or insist on the meter, and sit in the back.

• النقل العام

  Cairo Metro

  Three lines, very cheap, fares by distance. The first carriages are women-only. Crowded at rush hour.

• القطارات

  Egyptian National Railways

  Trains link Cairo, Alexandria, Luxor and Aswan, including overnight sleeper trains. Foreigners often pay higher fares on some trains (varies).

• العبّارات

  Nile cruises and feluccas

  Multi-day cruises between Luxor and Aswan; short felucca sailing trips are agreed by price in advance.

المال والنقد

العملة: EGP · Egyptian pound

Cash is still king for small purchases, taxis, markets and tips (baksheesh), so carry plenty of small notes (5, 10, 20, 50 EGP), which are often hard to get. Cards work in hotels, malls and larger restaurants. Major sites like the Giza pyramids and museums increasingly take cards only (varies). Use bank ATMs and count change carefully.

تحقق من سعر الصرف إلى EGP

البقشيش

Tipping (baksheesh) is a big part of daily life in Egypt and is expected for many small services: toilet attendants, porters, guards who open tombs, drivers and guides. Many restaurants add a 12% service charge plus 14% VAT to the bill; a small extra tip for the waiter is still customary.

عبارات مفيدة

• الحساب لو سمحت (el-hesab law samaht) The bill, please.
• الخدمة محسوبة؟ (el-khedma mahsooba?) Is service included?
• لا، شكرا (la, shukran) No, thank you.

آداب التعامل

• Dress modestly outside beach resorts: shoulders and knees covered; women may want a scarf for mosques.
• Remove shoes before entering a mosque; non-Muslims should avoid prayer times.
• During Ramadan, avoid eating, drinking or smoking in public in daytime.
• Use your right hand to eat, give and receive.
• Bargaining is expected in markets, for felucca rides and with taxis; settle prices before the service.
• Avoid public displays of affection.
• Do not photograph military sites, police or government buildings.

عمليات الاحتيال وكيفية التعامل معها

• Camel and horse ride overcharge

  أين: Giza pyramids

  طريقة العمل: Handlers agree a low price, then demand far more to bring you back, or claim the price was per person or per minute.

  كيف تتجنبه: Agree total price, duration and number of people before mounting, pay at the end only what was agreed, or skip rides.

• 'It's closed' or fake entrance

  أين: Giza, museums, mosques

  طريقة العمل: Men posing as officials say the site or entrance is closed and lead you to another 'entrance', a stable or a shop.

  كيف تتجنبه: Go straight to the official ticket office and ignore people who approach you.

• Papyrus and perfume shop steering

  أين: Cairo, Giza, Luxor

  طريقة العمل: Drivers or 'friendly' locals take you to shops where they earn commission; fake papyrus made of banana leaf or overpriced perfume is sold.

  كيف تتجنبه: Choose shops yourself, compare prices and decline unplanned shop stops on tours.

• Unsolicited help for baksheesh

  أين: Tombs, temples, photo spots

  طريقة العمل: Guards or locals offer to take photos, show hidden areas or explain carvings, then demand a tip.

  كيف تتجنبه: Decline help you did not ask for; carry small notes if you choose to accept.

• Taxi fare disputes

  أين: Cairo, Luxor, airports

  طريقة العمل: Meters not used, fare changed at the end, or drivers claim no change for large notes.

  كيف تتجنبه: Use Uber or Careem, or agree fare first and carry small notes.

• Friendly local invitation

  أين: Cairo downtown, Luxor

  طريقة العمل: A friendly stranger chats, invites you for tea or to a relative's shop or wedding, leading to high-pressure selling.

  كيف تتجنبه: Politely decline invitations from strangers on the street.

• Felucca and carriage price switch

  أين: Luxor and Aswan

  طريقة العمل: Price is agreed in pounds and later claimed to be in euros or dollars, or per person.

  كيف تتجنبه: Confirm currency, total price and duration out loud before starting.

السلامة

• Governments advise against travel to some parts of Egypt (border areas and parts of North Sinai) and the risk picture changes; check your government's latest advice (varies).
• Overall crime against tourists is low but touts and petty scams are very common at major sites.
• Women report frequent harassment; in Red Sea resorts the UK Foreign Office notes most reported assaults involved someone the victim had met, including hotel and excursion staff.
• Women should avoid taking taxis alone at night and share ride details with a friend.
• Report crimes to the tourist police (126) before leaving the country.
• Bringing in drones without permission is illegal; drug laws are very strict.

مدى انتشار الإنجليزية

Common among people working in tourism, hotels and upscale restaurants; limited among taxi drivers and outside tourist areas.

المصادر

• GOV.UK Foreign travel advice: Egypt, safety and security
• Wikivoyage: Egypt
• Wikivoyage: Cairo
• Wikivoyage: Giza

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